1
SOHC
According to the type of engine divided by the number of camshaft positions, SOHC represents a single-overhead camshaft engine for 2-valve engines.
2
DOHC
(Double overhead camshaft engine) that double overhead camshaft engine, suitable for multi-valve engine.Usually the engine has two valves per cylinder, in recent years also continue to appear 4-valve, 5-valve engine, which is undoubtedly to improve the engine Intake efficiency at high speeds opens up the way for such engines to be used in high-speed engines and to reduce fuel consumption at high speeds.
3
Turbo
(Turbocharged) Turbocharged, its abbreviation is T, usually marked with 1.8T, 2.8T and other words at the rear. Turbocharged single turbo and twin turbo, we usually refer to the turbocharger Refers to the exhaust gas turbocharged, usually through the exhaust emissions driven impeller driven pump wheel, more air into the engine, thereby increasing the engine power, while reducing engine fuel consumption.
4
VTEC
(Variable Valve Valve Phase and Valve Lift Electronic Control System) Developed by Honda, VTEC is the world's first valve control system that controls both valve opening and closing time and lift in two different situations and has now evolved into i-VTEC. The biggest difference between an i-VTEC engine and a normal engine is that two different sets of valve actuation cams are used at medium and low speeds and at high speeds, which can be automatically switched by the electronic system. In addition, the engine can automatically change the valve according to driving conditions The opening time and degree of improvement, that is, to change the amount of intake and exhaust, so as to increase power, reduce fuel consumption purposes.
5
i-VTEC
(Intelligent variable valve timing and lift system) i-vtec system is Honda's smart variable valve timing system in English abbreviation, the latest Honda sedan engine has been generally installed i-vtec system. Honda's The i-vtec system continuously adjusts the valve timing and regulates the valve lift.The operating principle of the i-vtec system is that when the engine is switched from low speed to high speed, the computer automatically presses the oil into the intake camshaft drive gear So that under pressure the small turbine rotates a certain angle relative to the gear housing so that the camshaft rotates forward or backward within 60 degrees thereby changing the moment of opening of the intake valve to The purpose of continuously adjusting the valve timing.
6
CVVT
(Continuously variable valve timing system) South Korea's automobile industry has always been not known for advanced technology, so the technology used are mostly drawn on the experience of Germany, Japan and other countries, and CVVT is in the VVT-i and i-VTEC Based on the CVVT engine, for example, it can control the valve opening and closing at any time according to the actual conditions of the engine, the fuel combustion more fully, so as to achieve the purpose of improving power and reduce fuel consumption.But CVVT will not Control valve lift, which means that this engine just changed the suction, exhaust time.
7
VVT
(Continuously Variable Valve Timing Engine) This system adjusts the phase of the engine cam through the control and execution system provided, so that the valve opening and closing time varies with the engine speed to increase the charging efficiency and increase the engine speed power.
8
VVT-i
(Intelligent Variable Valve Timing System) The VVT-i is Toyota's unique engine technology and is well established. Most domestically produced Toyota cars, including the new Vios, have been equipped with the VVT-i system in recent years. In contrast to Honda's VTEC principle Similarly, the most prominent feature of this system is that the intake camshaft can be controlled according to the state of the engine, and the timing of the gas distribution can be optimized by adjusting the camshaft rotation angle so as to obtain the optimal valve timing so as to increase the torque in all speed ranges, And can improve fuel economy, thus effectively improving the performance of the car.
9
Dual VVT - i
(Dual Smart Variable Valve Timing Engine) Dual VVT-i refers to the separate control of the engine's intake system and exhaust system. In rapid acceleration, controlling the intake VVT-i will advance the intake time and increase the valve Of the lift, while the control of exhaust VVT-i will postpone the exhaust time, this effect is like a smaller turbocharger, can effectively improve engine power.At the same time, due to increased intake, but also makes Gasoline combustion more complete, to achieve the purpose of low emissions.
10
D-CVVT
(Dual Variable Valve Timing, Variable Intake System Engine) With Rohens' basic configuration, the V-6 Lambda engine incorporates dual variable valve timing on the intake and exhaust camshafts (D- CVVT) technology, and equipped with a new variable intake system (VIS) to improve the cylinder's intake, thereby increasing fuel efficiency.Configuration 3.8-liter V-6 engine power of 290 horsepower, despite the powerful output, But did not affect its characteristics of environmental protection and ultra-low emission control (ULEV) .Among them, with love letter 6-speed automatic transmission with overdrive, its transmission performance is smooth, wide transmission, it is these guarantees Rohens strong motivation and excellent fuel economy.
11
TDI
(Turbo direct injection supercharged engine) TDI is the English abbreviation of TurboDirectInjection, which means turbocharged direct injection (diesel engine) .In order to solve the inherent deficiencies of SDI, people installed in the diesel engine turbocharger, making the intake pressure greatly Increase, the compression ratio is generally more than 10, so that you can achieve very high torque at low speeds, and due to more fully burned, the emission of harmful particles also greatly reduce the TDI technology to make the fuel through a high-pressure jet Directly into the cylinder, because the top of the piston shape is a concave bowl design, the fuel will form a spiral in the cylinder gas mixture. Polaris TDI equipment Volkswagen Group's first direct injection turbocharged diesel engine (TDI) technology is very advanced, and uses a number of advanced technologies, such as pump injection system, adjustable vane turbocharger, etc. are the first time in the domestic sedan applications.Borai TDI uses the latest high-pressure fuel injection technology - - Pump injection system. This system allows diesel and air mixture more fully, more thorough combustion; at the same time the use of catalytic oxidation Which greatly reduces the emission of CO, HC and particulates, of which the CO2 emission can be reduced by 30% compared with that of the same displacement gasoline.In addition, the EGR system is adopted to greatly reduce the production of NOx and meet the emission standards of Euro 3. Volkswagen Diesel The "TDI logo" of the engine is precisely the most successful diesel engine recognized in the world.
12
GDF-P
(Diesel Engine) The hydraulic timing device of the distribution pump is driven by the timing piston to regulate the injection timing, the high pressure chamber of the timing piston is communicated with the pump chamber, the pressure of the pump chamber rises with the increase of the rotation speed, Pressure increases with increasing speed, fuel injection timing in advance. Jetta electronic control system in series between the piston high and low pressure electric valve N108, duty cycle control of high and low pressure chamber pressure, fuel injection timing changes, duty It is smaller than large differential pressure, timing lag, and fuel injection timing is detected by needle valve lift sensor G80, and closed-loop control is performed on injection timing. Volkswagen's GDF-P diesel engine is more popular.
13
FSI
(In-Cylinder Stratified Combustion Engine) FSI is a new technology in the field of gasoline engines and refers to stratified fuel injection. Some are similar to the high-pressure fuel supply technology for diesel engines and are equipped with an on-demand fuel supply system, And then through a piston pump to provide the required pressure, and finally the nozzle fuel injection directly into the combustion chamber at the right time.By the internal shape of the combustion chamber so that the spark plug will have a thick mixture, and other regions It is a leaner mixture that ensures lean burn as smoothly as possible in the event of a successful ignition, which is also the essence of stratified combustion. The FSI is significantly more potent than comparable engines and fuel consumption can be reduced by about 15%.
14
TFSI
(Turbo charged stratified injection engine) This more than the FSI T word represents the turbocharger (Turbocharger), and the engine itself is indeed based on the FSI engine to add a turbocharger. Turbine Turbocharged is the use of high temperature and pressure exhaust to promote high-speed rotation of the exhaust gas turbines, while driving the intake turbine to compress the intake air to improve air density, while increasing the amount of fuel injection control computer, with high-density intake, so the displacement is not Change under conditions to improve engine work efficiency FAW-Volkswagen and Shanghai Volkswagen on their 1.4TFSI and 1.8TFSI engine called, both referred to as 1.4TSI and 1.8TSI, the title is not responsible for the same time, manufacturers in order to To avoid any objection to the TSI, or TSI, for short, they interpreted this as: 'Because we usually use 3 words as engine specific technology in a consistent system, we will refer to TFSI as TSI this time, where T stands for Turbocharging, SI on behalf of direct injection technology '. Domestic Tottenham, Sagitar and other models The latest TSI engine in fact with the TSI mentioned earlier is not the same thing ... MAGOTAN 1.8TSI and will soon be equipped with Sagitar On the 1.4TSI engine actually castration of the supercharger and fuel stratification technology.Of course, this is also after the localization of oil and cost issues to consider.Because a mechanical booster kit less have to say 15,000 yuan, 5 Wan kilometers will need to be replaced once, plus more than 100,000 kilometers also need to change more expensive turbocharger.
15
TSI
(Mechanical Turbocharged and Direct Injection Engine) The design of the TSI (Turbocharged Fuel Stratified Jet Engine) is ingeniously designed to incorporate a turbocharger and supercharger Installed in an engine inside TSI in the T does not mean Turbocharger but Twincharger (dual boost) above. We talked about turbocharged engine at lower and higher speeds have a power neutral, in order to To further improve the efficiency of the engine, adding a mechanical supercharger, and let it increase the intake pressure at low speed.The turbocharger size can be larger, to make up for high speed when the power neutral, so as to achieve a From low to high speed of the entire section of excellent performance.
16
Continuous variable valve phase engine
Volkswagen's engine continuously variable valve phase drive device includes a valve spring loaded valve, the valve reciprocating motion of the rocker arm, and the swing arm swinging rotary cam, the cam is able to change the valve lift and opening and closing Time multi-condition cam, multi-condition cam profile: one end of the low-speed small-load cam profile, the other end of the high-speed large-load cam profile, low-speed small load cam profile and high-speed large load cam profiles Is a smooth transition of the medium-speed load cam profile, the multi-condition cam is connected to the multi-condition cam can be moved along the axial direction of the servo motor; Since the profile of the multi-condition cam is continuous smooth, so In addition, the profile of the multi-condition cam covers various working conditions of the engine. Therefore, the utility model can well meet the needs of the variable working condition of the engine.
17
AVS
(Variable valve lift system) AVS refers to the variable valve lift system, also known as two-stage variable timing control system, on the whole equipped with this engine equipped with a large degree of fuel-efficient energy saving, at the same time Increase the horsepower.This technology is widely used in the Audi car.
18
VAD
(Variable Inlet System) It is possible to open the VAD airway under the control of the PCM at the time of high power output of the engine (open more than one air passage, equivalent to larger airway diameter) to ensure the maximum amount of engine air The need to give full play to the power performance of the engine.This technology is widely used in Mazda car.
19
VIS
(Variable Intake Manifold System) Maintains high torque under low-load, low-load and high-load speeds under the control of a PCM. How it works: Changing the length of an effective intake manifold effectively controls the flow of intake air In the inlet flow inertia, the flow of air flow pressure wave frequency and intake valve frequency in different conditions in a timely manner coincide, and thus maximize the engine in any condition to ensure that the amount of intake. In essence, the use of the inertia Harmonic booster principle to achieve maximum engine intake.When the engine speed is below 4400 rpm, VIS does not work, VIS valve is closed, the airflow path is longer; when the engine speed is greater than 4400 revolutions, VIS In effect, the VIS valve is open and the path of the air flow is shorter; thus meeting the air volume requirements for different conditions.
20
VTCS
(Variable eddy current control system) Opens the opening degree of the intake manifold under different water temperature and speed to open the different opening degree, in order to meet the engine air condition in each working condition Principle: In the same working condition, different VTCS valve Opening, making the flow into the engine to change the flow velocity, the formation of vortex, the vortex is what we often say vortex, making the engine oil and gas mixture more fully.Especially when the engine cold start at low temperature and the engine is at low load, the mixture Of poor atomization, poor combustion, poor emissions, in order to improve the atomization of gasoline at low temperature levels, improve engine emission levels so that Mazda 6 emission levels meet and exceed the Euro Ⅲ standard. Work process: When the water temperature below 62 Degrees, and the engine speed is lower than 3750 rpm, the inlet pipe passage area is reduced; with the further increase in water temperature, the speed increased further, VTCS valve opening fully open, the maximum intake manifold area.
21
ETC
(Electronic Throttle System) As its name implies, it is not automatically controlled by the throttle cable to control the opening of the intake manifold, but by the DC motor through the deceleration mechanism. Function and working process: It has the basic functions of an ordinary throttle, its role is to open Intake manifold in the main channel, different conditions open a different opening, the throttle is generally driven by the pedal throttle control cable, but this pull-controlled throttle in the rapid acceleration and other special workers When the condition of hysteresis, that is to say in the special case of rapid acceleration, the throttle opening signal through the section of the valve position sensor has been sent, but the actual air into the cylinder did not follow up in time, and the throttle In the disturbance of air flow is not very stable, so the air volume is not stable, acceleration is not ideal and unstable.And the electronic throttle valve position signal can be based, PCM direct drive DC motor to respond quickly to the timely opening of the throttle The required opening, and electronic throttle self-locking mechanism in its own slowdown, will not fluctuate due to the disturbance of the air flow to ensure that the engine Stable gas and speed advantages: fast response electronically controlled manner, to ensure a timely supply of the amount of air in the most appropriate conditions bonded; air amount control accuracy, good stability.
22
S-VT
(Variable valve timing control system) We know that the intake valve opening and closing moments determine the size of the engine intake, the general intake of the car only and the engine speed, at a certain speed its intake The amount is certain, that is, the opening and closing timing of the intake valve is certain, while the intake control of modern cars in order to further improve the performance of the engine, integrated engine work needs, based on speed, load and other signals, more scientific To control the intake and exhaust valve opening and closing of the moment to ensure that the engine in all conditions can achieve maximum intake to play the best performance of the engine Function: under different conditions through the PCM automatically adjust the intake valve Open and close the moment to ensure the maximum intake of the engine Principle and working process: it is the duty cycle signal sent by the PCM, with the engine operating conditions are different, so that the hydraulic control circuit pressure control valve open different Opening, and then control the intake camshaft to change the different angles of rotation, changing the intake valve opening and closing moments, changing the size of the engine intake.The throttle opening is PCM According to various logic signals according to a certain control function, for the perfect control of the intake air.
23
TSCV
(Variable Eddy Current Control System) The TSCV ensures stable combustion of the engine under subcool or light loads by controlling the eddy currents in the combustion chamber, resulting in better energy output and minimized emissions.
24
TCI
(Exhaust Gas Turbocharged Intercooler Technology) The Chery 1.9DTCI diesel engine combines several advanced engine technologies with the clean, quiet and economic, power-efficient diesel engine with TCI (exhaust gas turbine Supercharged cold) technology to maximize engine power and torque without changing the engine displacement; high pressure common rail direct injection technology, intake camshaft direct drive high pressure oil pump, fuel injection sub-injection, Main and post-injection three stages, to achieve the combustion process of fuel injection to reduce the cylinder combustion gas temperature and reduce the formation of NOx, CO, PM is fully oxidized, reducing the generation of CO, PM, inhibit the generation of soot; EGR (Exhaust gas recirculation) system to reduce the oxygen content of the mixture in the cylinder, thereby reducing the combustion temperature, improving the combustion process and restrain the generation of NOx. A structure such as TVD (double torsional vibration damper) and double mass flywheel are also adopted. The engine exhaust emissions to meet the requirements of the EU IV standards, fuel consumption has reached the international advanced level, 堪称 a new generation of green power.
25
MVV
(Vortex lean burn technology engine) BYD's MVV Vortex lean burn technology engine, with the same principle of direct injection in-cylinder engine.
26
VICS
(Variable Inertial Intake System Engine) Hippocampus VICS Variable Inertial Intake System Engine delivering high torque characteristics over the full speed range; VICS systems ensure low and high speed throughout the entire engine speed range To maintain high output, high torque.This system is based on the engine torque at different speeds, control the indoor air valve opening and closing, adjusting the length of the intake manifold path to enhance the best engine intake efficiency.After this system of devices After the engine at low speed can increase at least 2.2% of the torque output.
27
CNG
(Natural gas engine) CNG natural gas engine exhaust purification converter is generally composed of two parts, namely, ceramic honeycomb catalyst and metal shell, the main principle is: the exhaust gas through the ceramic honeycomb catalyst, the active component of the catalyst is mainly rare earth metal oxides, precious metals And transition metals, at 200 ~ 300 ℃ above the temperature conditions, can fully catalytic reaction, the harmful components in the exhaust CO, HC, NOX, etc. into non-toxic water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen a, key technical projects At the core is CNG engine exhaust gas purification technology, which belongs to the ternary purification catalyst technology, which is the main method for controlling CNG engine exhaust gas currently, and is mainly used in taxis and some models.
28
NICSC-VTC
(Variable intake control system, continuously variable valve timing intelligent control system) Both NICS and C-VTC are Nissan technologies NICS technology is the engine air filter equipped with two intake manifolds, the sensor can be based on engine speed , To open and close the valves in the main intake pipe to improve intake efficiency, reduce intake noise at medium and low speeds, and increase power output at high speeds.This technology and the 'variable intake manifold' commonly used in the Audi A6 engine, . The full name of C-VTC is ContinuouslyVariableValveTiningContorl (Continuously Variable Valve Timing) is an upgraded version of VTC that is similar to Honda's i-VTEC (an upgraded version of VTEC) Shaft clutch to control the best timing valve opening and closing in order to improve combustion efficiency. C-VTC is a more advanced engine technology.
29
EcotecDVVT
(Dual variable valve timing engine) VVT refers to variable valve timing.We know that the general engine intake and exhaust door opening and closing is relying on the mechanical timing transmission, the crank angle in the corresponding position to open and close, which is related to The speed of the engine has nothing to do with the load, that is to say, the opening and closing moment of the door, regardless of the rotational speed, corresponds to the rotational position of the crankshaft. Now, the pursuit of perfect engine technology requires optimal performance at any load condition and speed. So someone has developed a mechanism that can change the valve phase, through the hydraulic or electric control to achieve.VVVT and CVVT are the technology, which DVVT refers to the dual variable valve timing, the valve opening phase of his two moments, Position 1 is also open at position 2 and can be adjusted based on speed and load CVVT is a continuously variable valve timing that can be continuously adjusted between the two limit phases in the allowed gas phase, Better control, but requires a very high degree of control accuracy required. Toyota VVT-i is the CVVT. At present, EcotecDVVT widely used in the Buick series.
30
EVIC-III
(Intelligent dual-valve variable intake control engine) EVIC-III intelligent dual-valve variable intake control technology used to improve fuel efficiency ⑴ variable valve timing technology: that is, it can be with the engine speed load water temperature Operating parameters of the changes, and timely adjustment of the valve timing, optimized fixed valve stack angle, the engine power and torque output will be more linear, taking into account the power output of high and low speed, so that the engine at both high and low speed To achieve the highest efficiency and reduce emissions to save fuel. (2) As a variable inertia variable intake system, by changing the length of the intake manifold shape, low speed with long intake pipe to ensure air density and maintain low power output efficiency; Short intake manifold to accelerate the speed of air into the cylinder and enhance the flow inertia of the intake air flow to ensure that the intake of high speed turn, in order to take into account the performance of the engine speed of each section. After the installation of VIS, the engine intake airflow Of the flow of inertia and intake efficiency have been strengthened, thereby increasing the torque and reduce fuel consumption.This technology is currently widely used in the Roewe series models.
31
Campro
(Variable Camshaft and Variable Intake Manifold Engine) Lotus CamPro, engine developed by Proton in collaboration with LotusEngineering for the pursuit of high performance, bottom fuel consumption and bottom discharge, and because of this engine, Proton officially entered With its own R & D area and world-class technology to produce next-generation engines, the main objective is to make the engine more breathable to improve CamPro's unique torque-slip problem and to improve fuel consumption in the city. , While the ignition system upgrade to an independent ignition system in order to get more accurate ignition control to enhance low-speed power to meet the EU Ⅳ standard, fully upgraded ECU, engine applications, variable camshaft and variable intake manifold technology.
32
MDS
(Variable displacement engine) The HEMI engine developed by Chrysler is equipped with an MDS system that automatically switches between 4-cylinder and 8-cylinder models.This technology is best suited for multi-cylinder engines and does not affect the driver's pursuit of large For example, a conventional 8-cylinder engine using this technology is equivalent to installing two separate four-cylinder engine, according to the driving You need to have one engine running and let the rest rest.
33
Multi-stage variable intake manifold technology
Through the computer control of the intake pipe length to meet the low speed to provide large torque, high speed to provide large power.
34
F.I.R.E
(Integrated engine) is produced in Italy, Brazil, Turkey and other countries, with annual production of several million units. It is a mature technology with stable performance and economy. It is widely used in various economical cars of Fiat. Taking the 188A4000 Fiat Fiat sedan as an example, the engine displacement is 1242ml and the compression ratio is 9.5 ± 0.21. The engine control system ECU is the MagnetiMarelli? IAW59F multi-point EFI system from Italy Marelli, Inc. Electrostatic ignition, Sequential injection, non-return oil supply system and dual oxygen sensor technology, the engine emission levels easily exceed the European standard 2 and improve the safety of the vehicle.This system has the following functions: to adjust the injection time, ignition timing control, Control the radiator electronic fan, control and manage idle speed, control cold start compensation, self-diagnosis and self-learning, and have limp function.
35
VDE
(Variable displacement engine) ready to be installed in Ford cars and trucks produced by the company to further improve the car's fuel economy.This engine technology is most suitable for multi-cylinder engine.For example, for 12-cylinder engine, This technology is equivalent to the installation of two independent six-cylinder engine, according to the needs of driving an engine to run, leaving another at idle, so that you can adjust the engine's displacement at any time, Thus reducing fuel consumption.
36
MIVEC
(Intelligent variable valve timing and lift control system) MIVEC agency is issued by the ECU precise instructions to control the intake camshaft phase: the engine ECU in a variety of driving conditions automatically search for a corresponding engine speed, air intake, section Valve position and cooling water temperature of the best valve timing, and control of the camshaft timing hydraulic control valve, and through the sensor signal to sense the actual valve timing, and then perform feedback control to compensate for system error, to achieve the best valve Timing position, which can effectively improve the car's power and performance, reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions.This technology is widely used in Mitsubishi cars.
37
Double-VANOSValvetronic
(Double camshaft variable valve timing engine) In 1992, BMW introduced its double-camshaft variable valve timing system for stepless regulation of the valve, the world's first technology used in the BMW M3. The control system The advantage is that according to the running state of the engine, the valve timing of the intake valve and the exhaust valve can be steplessly adjusted by the precise angle control of the camshaft, and is not affected by the accelerator pedal position and the engine speed.In the actual driving, This means that the engine can deliver sufficient torque at low engine speeds and optimal power at high speeds.In addition, the Double-VANOS dual camshaft variable valve timing system greatly reduces unburned Residual gas, thus improving the engine idle speed performance in the BMW system almost all of this technology.
38
MFI
(Multi-Fuel Injection Engine) The so-called MFI, originally intended for Multiple Fuel Injection, is a proven engine technology in itself and the 2.0 MFI engine is based on the German AZM engine combined with the Chinese road, climate, fuel Quality and many other factors, re-meticulously matched a masterpiece.
39
C-VTC
(Continuous variable valve timing intelligent control system) C-VTC continuously variable valve timing intelligent control system technology with the VVT basically the same.
40
VVEL, CVTCS
(Infinitely Variable Inlet Lift System and Continuously Variable Inhalation Timing System) Infiniti VVEL Infinitely Variable Inlet Lift System, combined with the CVTCS Continuous Variable Aspiration Timing, also creates optimal kinetic energy and Combustion Efficiency The VVEL technology optimizes efficiency to achieve a balance of power, response, fuel efficiency, and emissions By continuously changing the valve lift and thereby changing the amount of air in the combustion chamber, the combustion The stage is more powerful and boosts torque and power. Better yet, because the valve controls the intake stroke instead of the traditional butterfly valve, the reaction to the throttle input is immediate and rapid. The VVEL technology is compared to a standard valve lift system Improved fuel economy and reduced emissions Precise changes to the ECU contribute to the gradual 'expansion' of engine power and torque, providing a 'build-up' of accelerations rather than providing peak power.
41
VCM
(Variable Cylinder Management System) The Honda VCM Variable Cylinder Management System technology, the VCM system used on the V6i-VTEC engine, was first introduced in non-hybrid Accord models. The new generation of VCM systems are capable of operating in three- and four-cylinder And full six-cylinder mode switching, while previously only in the three-cylinder and four-cylinder mode switch between the VCM system allows the new Accord in the start, acceleration or climbing, etc. Anything that requires high power output to ensure that all six The cylinder is put into operation, while in medium speed cruise and low engine load conditions, only one cylinder bank is operated, ie three cylinders, the rear bank is stopped and the engine will be used at moderate accelerations, high cruise and gentle slopes 4 cylinders to operate, that is, the left and middle cylinders of the front cylinder group work normally and the right and middle cylinders of the rear cylinder group work properly.The new 3.5-liter V6 engine adopts Honda's most advanced VCM variable cylinder Management technology. Auto1950 automotive technologist, very concerned about the WeChat public number. VCM system can be 3-cylinder, 4-cylinder and all 6-cylinder mode automatically switch between the start, acceleration or climbing, etc. All 6 cylinders are in service when high power output is required. In medium speed cruise and low engine load conditions, the system only operates one cylinder bank, ie 3 cylinders; at moderate acceleration, high speed cruise, and gentle slope driving , The engine will be running on four cylinders, which greatly reduces fuel consumption.This 3.5LV6 is by far the most powerful Honda engine, its fuel consumption than the previous generation Accord 3.0 models reduced by 7%.
42
Reverse engine
Fox's duratec-he reverse aluminum alloy engine, all aluminum alloy casting, reverse design, the maximum power of up to 104kw, the maximum torque up to 180n · m (2.0l engine) '1', with vis (variableintakesystem) Variable inertia intake device, steel intake manifold length, showing accelerated agility, smooth operation, high efficiency intake effect and low noise, low fuel consumption advantage of the level of power.
43
Horizontal opposite engine
The engine pistons are evenly distributed on both sides of the crankshaft and move left and right in the horizontal direction, so that the overall height of the engine is reduced and the length is shortened, the center of gravity of the vehicle is reduced, the vehicle runs more smoothly, the engine is installed on the centerline of the vehicle, pistons on both sides The torque generated offset each other, greatly reducing the vibration of vehicles in motion, the engine speed has been greatly improved to reduce noise.
44
i-DSI
(Lean burn technology) i-DSI is a dual-spark ignition that increases combustion efficiency by increasing the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture in the engine and allowing the mixture to combust with the air-fuel ratio greater than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Lean burn technology, though not as advanced as in-cylinder direct injection, is less expensive than a direct-injection engine.
45
GDI
(Gasoline Direct Injection Engine) Mitsubishi's GDI engine reduces fuel consumption by 20% -35% through lean burn technology, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 20% while delivering 10% more power than conventional engines with the same displacement. Technology is a branch of lean burn technology. The biggest difference with the normal engine lies in its direct injection system. In fact, in-cylinder direct injection is not a new technology, many years ago, many diesel engines use this technology Design, and use it in the gasoline engine, it is a matter of a few years.Direct injection technology has two major advantages:
1, the engine can inject gasoline directly into the high-pressure combustion chamber prior to ignition of the spark plug while stratified combustion of the mixed gas under the precise control of the ECU This technique allows the mixture near the spark plug to be relatively dense and away from the spark plug Of the mixture is relatively lean, so as to achieve more effective 'thin' ignition and stratified combustion.
2, Because the gasoline is injected into the cylinder directly, compared with the transmission outside the cylinder, the mixture does not need to go through the throttle valve, which can reduce the throttle on the gas mixture produced gas resistance.
46
MPi
(Cylinder injection engine) the fuel is injected into the intake manifold which is to inject gasoline into the intake manifold to allow sufficient time to mix with the air, the injector needs to be at a distance from the valve until the fuel is in the air at After this space is fully mixed, it is introduced into the cylinder for combustion. For such a conventional design, direct injection of gasoline into the cylinder will inevitably result in insufficient mixing of air and gasoline. This unmixed gas, Obviously can not meet the ignition needs of the engine. In-cylinder direct injection engine first thing to solve is this problem.
47
IDE
(Direct injection engine) IDE still uses a thin air and fuel mixture, but at the same time increased EGR valve exhaust gas circulation. EGR ExhaustgasRecirculation acronym translated into Chinese is the meaning of exhaust gas recirculation.This technology can reduce fuel consumption Volume, and effectively reduce the combustion temperature - which is why it effectively addresses the root causes of GDI engine emissions.
As we all know, the air is mainly composed of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and some other inert gases, of which the largest proportion of nitrogen is a very stable gas, which is usually difficult to be directly oxidized by oxygen.However, if it is under high temperature and pressure Under normal circumstances, the nitrogen is very stable and very easy to react with oxygen, resulting in very harmful nitrogen oxides.General engines, including the above-mentioned GDI engine, in its normal working hours, the working environment within the cylinder is just In a state of high temperature and pressure, NOx and NOx are easily formed after the mixture of air and fuel is combusted, which is particularly problematic for in-cylinder direct injection engines.
As in-cylinder direct injection engine compression ratio is usually designed to be relatively high, the cylinder pressure greater than the average engine, which is more prone to nitrogen oxides .We all know that diesel engine emissions of nitrogen oxides are usually higher than the gasoline engine Many, mainly because of the high compression ratio of diesel engines, can not reduce emissions (because of high compression ratio is necessary to improve engine efficiency), to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions can only be reduced by reducing the cylinder Within the combustion temperature.
IDE engine EGR exhaust gas recirculation system, is through a part of the exhaust gas discharged into the cylinder into the intake pipe with fresh air and fuel mixed combustion, to reduce the temperature of the combustion chamber. We know that the exhaust gas is no longer burned Combustion, these exhaust gas is introduced into the cylinder, it will occupy part of the effective volume of the cylinder, the effect is equivalent to reducing the engine displacement, so naturally reduce the combustion temperature, while exhaust emissions naturally decreased.
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i-VCT
(Inhaler Variable Time Cam Engine) i-VCT, also known as Variable Intake Cam Timing System, delivers over 90% torque at engine speeds from 2000 rpm to 5000 rpm for continuous engine performance VVT -i, variable valve timing system, focusing on the characteristics of low-speed, but in fact the Toyota VVT-i less than 2000rpm torque is not rich, low-speed high-grade vehicles even more torque less feeling .This is Because VVT-i's operation does not cover the low-speed range, can only rely on the gear. Toyota's gear is too much emphasis on smooth running, which led to the integration of the car and did not have any passion to speak of. However, the initial acceleration Phase of the impulse, which is also specially adjusted to meet the characteristics of urban driving.The new third-generation Ford Mondeo equipped DURATEC-HE2.3 inline four-cylinder 16-valve double overhead camshaft aluminum alloy engine, is the use of i- VCT variable intake cam timing and other advanced technologies, emissions meet Euro IV standard.Compared with the same level of products, more fuel efficient at low speed, the power output is more abundant at high speed.
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SIDI
(Intelligent Direct Injection Engine) Cadillac SIDI engine brings together the cylinder intelligent direct injection, D-VVT electronically variable dual valve timing and the latest ECM engine management module SIDI dual-mode direct injection engine structure has been greatly adjusted phase Than the original way into the intake manifold, SIDI engine will be multi-point jet fuel supply system replaced by variable valve cylinder direct injection system, which is implanted nozzle into the cylinder, the fuel injection by high pressure spray Cylinder, and mixed air to ignite, thus achieving in-cylinder lean combustion, thereby enhancing the engine efficiency.Also also have excellent fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions.In addition, direct injection technology due to the cylinder allows a higher Compression ratio (SIDI compression ratio up to 11.1: 1), can greatly reduce the in-cylinder detonation, reduce engine vibration above these advantages can make the engine life expectancy than the average EFI engine longer. , SIDI dual-mode direct injection engine with the same displacement multi-point injection engine can increase the maximum power of about 15%, the maximum torque can be increased by about 8%, while more than 3% Fuel efficiency.
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ETCS-i + ACIS
(Smart Timing Variable Valve Control and Intelligent Electronic Throttle Control System) The Lexus SC430 is equipped with a 4.3-liter, 32-valve V8 engine equipped with an intelligent timing variable valve control system (VVT-i) and an intelligent electronic throttle control system ETCS-i), a steady stream of power, its most admired by the world, is the body hood designed specifically.
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Twin turbocharger engine
Mercedes-Benz twin-turbo is one of the ways turbocharged.For the turbocharged turbo hysteresis phenomenon, a large one small two turbines or two parallel in parallel with the turbine, low engine speed, less Of the exhaust can drive the high-speed rotation of the turbine to generate sufficient intake pressure to reduce the effect of the turbine hysteresis.Common turbocharged are single turbocharged, sub-mechanical turbocharger, exhaust turbocharger and composite turbine Turbocharged mechanical turbo direct drive turbine engine operation, the advantage of no turbine hysteresis, the disadvantage is the loss of part of the power, the lower the boost pressure. Exhaust gas turbocharger rely on the exhaust gas remaining kinetic energy to drive the turbine rotation, the advantages Turbine speed is high, booster value of the power to enhance significantly, the disadvantage is the phenomenon of turbo lag, that is, the engine speed is low (generally 1500-1800 rpm) exhaust kinetic energy smaller, can not drive the turbine speed to produce increased by The role of large intake pressure, this time the engine power is equivalent to natural aspiration, when the speed increase, turbocharged power play a sudden increase in power. Coupling and Parallel In a twin turbo car, two turbines are seen to be connected in series or in parallel, with each group of turbines responsible for half the number of cylinders of the engine, each with the same specifications, such as the Porsche 911turbo, The SkylineGT-R's RB26DETT, Supra's 2JZ-GTE and BMW's new 3.0 twin-turbo are all outstanding examples of parallel turbines with the advantage of quick booster reactions and reduced pipe complexity. Tandem turbines are generally smaller The two series of turbines are matched in series, and the small turbine with faster reaction speed is driven at low rotation speed so that the large turbine with low torsional torque can be intervened to provide sufficient intake air volume to improve the power output. The RX-7 13B-REW The engine is a good example of tandem turbines. Common turbochargers are single turbocharged, sub-mechanical turbocharged, exhaust turbocharged and compound turbocharged.
52
VIM
(Variable Intake and Exhaust Manifold Engine) Lamborghini VIM Variable Intake and Exhaust Manifold Engine After the mid-1990s, variable intake manifold technology became more and more popular in steam, a technique that increased engine performance in low to mid-range Torque output at speed, which has no bad effect on fuel economy and high speed power, thus improving engine adaptability.
The usual fixed intake manifold can only be optimized according to the specific requirements of the engine, or in accordance with the requirements of high speed and low speed for optimal geometric design, or compromise, but regardless of the design can not take into account Variable speed intake manifold technology can be adapted to different engine speeds in two or more stages. Variable intake manifold technology is somewhat similar to variable valve technology, however, Into the gas manifold technology pay more attention to improve the torque output at low speed (for high-speed output power to improve the effect is not obvious), so this technology is very widely used in ordinary civilian cars.
However, this is not absolute, as it offers better engine responsiveness, and is gradually being introduced in sports cars, such as the Farah 360 and the 575. Compared with variable valve technology, Variable-intake manifold technology costs less - it requires only a few simple designs of solenoid valves and intake manifolds; and variable fuel distribution technology requires complex and precise hydraulic systems to actuate. If you change valve travel , But also need some special camshaft.
Currently, there are two variable intake manifold technologies: variable intake manifold length and variable intake air resonance, all of which are achieved through the geometric design of the intake manifold. Here we discuss each of these two Technology. Variable intake manifold length Variable intake manifold length is a technique widely used in general commercial vehicles. The length of the intake manifold is mostly designed to be adjustable in two stages - a long intake manifold Used at low speeds, short intake manifolds are used at high speeds Why is it designed as a short intake manifold at high rpm? It should be easy to understand because it makes the intake air smoother; but why Does it require a long intake manifold at low speeds, does it increase intake resistance? Because engine horsepower is also low at low engine speeds, long intake manifolds can collect more air, Suitable for low-speed engine intake needs to match, which can improve the torque output.
In addition, the long intake manifold can reduce the air flow rate, allowing better mixing of air and fuel, combustion more fully, can also produce greater torque output. In order to better adapt to different speed intake requirements Some systems use a three-stage variable intake manifold length design, such as a V8 engine. Each cylinder has a three-stage adjustable intake manifold for a total of 24 intake manifolds. In fact, Audi does not separate the intake manifold, it is arranged around the central rotor maneuvering intake manifold, the rotor to a different position to get different intake manifold length. The entire system is arranged in the V-engine V Lamborghini There are more high-end Reventon with three-stage variable geometry intake manifold, variable intake and exhaust formal camshaft technology engine.
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Hybrid power system
Commonly referred to hybrid power generally refers to the hybrid electric power, that is, fuel (gasoline, diesel, etc.) and electric energy hybrid electric car is an electric motor as the auxiliary power of the engine-powered vehicles.High fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles , And driving performance is superior, the hybrid car engine to use fuel, but also in the starting, acceleration, with the help of electric motors, so you can reduce fuel consumption, simply put, that is, compared with the same size cars, fuel costs more In addition, the auxiliary motor electric motor can generate powerful motivation at the moment of start-up, therefore, the owner can enjoy stronger start-up and acceleration, and at the same time, achieve higher level of fuel economy.
There are currently three main types of hybrid electric vehicles: one is a parallel hybrid motor that uses an engine as its main motive power and an electric motor serves as an auxiliary power. (ParallelHybrid) This mode mainly drives the engine and uses an electric motor When start-up, it has the characteristics of strong power, which can reduce the fuel consumption of the engine by means of auxiliary drive of electric motor when the fuel consumption of the engine such as start-up and acceleration of the vehicle is large, etc. The structure of this mode is simpler and only needs to add the electric motor And battery.
The other is the "tandem, parallel" mode where the engine and the electric motor are driven at increased speed at low speeds (FuelCell) and the electric motor only when driven at low speeds. When the speed When it is raised, the power is shared between the engine and the electric motor efficiently. This method requires a power sharing device and a generator, and the structure is complicated.
There is another type of electric vehicle that uses only an electric motor to drive the "series system." (SeriesHybrid) The engine is only used as a power source, the vehicle is driven only by the electric motor, and the driving system is only an electric motor. However, since the fuel engine is also required to be installed, It is also a hybrid car.
