Located at Haike Road, Zhangjiang, Shanghai, the Institute of Micro-satellite Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the cradle of our country's small satellites. It is also a card for innovation in China's aerospace field.
'We are now launching 15 to 20 satellites a year, so far, a total of 22 satellites have been successfully built up by the Innovation Research Institute.' 'Lin Baojun, vice president of the Academy of Micro-satellite Innovation and chief designer of Beidou Navigation Satellite, Including the media introduced the time back to 1970 China's first successful launch of man-made earth satellites, a long period of time to build a satellite takes several years.
For the whole star slimming small satellite 'dancing'
Into the assembly plant 13 meters high nearly 2000 square meters, researchers are busy installing Beidou 3 satellite network, according to Lin Baojun introduction, the two sets of satellite assembly work has been basically completed, the next step but also to do the vacuum experiment, mechanics Experimenting to simulate the real environment of space and the environment experienced during the launching of the rocket, and not far away, two Beidou 3 satellites have been placed in a shadowed dark room and awaiting launch arrangements.
March 30, 2015, China's first successful launch of a new generation of Beidou navigation satellite Beidou satellite behind the first big innovation is the original weight of several tons of the entire weight-loss to 800 kg, the original need more than 20 computer control, Time-consuming system of ten minutes, optimized for only one control, greatly improving the reliability of the satellite, but also can bring more load products to heaven.
According to Lin Baojun, the weight-loss process employs more than 70% of new technologies and breaks the unwritten rule that the percentage of satellites in aerospace fields adopting new technologies does not exceed 30%.
It is understood that Beidou on the performance and reliability of the system has been greatly improved positioning accuracy of centimeter level, the accuracy of the daily error of less than 2 nanoseconds. 'China will build a global system Beidou, if completed to achieve the rice level Even centimeter-level accuracy, the vehicle can be distinguished, driverless cars and other applications can be achieved. "Linbao Jun said.
This innovation is also reflected in the dark matter satellite ('Goku').
At the beginning of bidding, the institute proposed a load-centered design concept. In the past, China's satellite research and development all took the platform as the center. "For example, the original" car "as the center, if the" goods "size is too large, or component Too heavy, can only be changed, and we hope to do 'car' according to the 'goods'. "Li Huawang metaphor Road, chief designer of dark matter satellite.
Behind this not only involves the issue of weight ratio, need to withstand mechanical vibration test, but also the subversion of the previous design concept.At last, the entire dark matter satellite weighing 1.8 tons, of which 1.4 tons load, the platform is only 450 kilograms, saving tens of millions of dollars Of the cost of the launch vehicle as of October 7, 2017, 'Goku' has 9680 circles orbiting the earth, detecting 3.4 billion particles of the universe.
At the institute, carbon satellites are known as 'dancing satellites' because, unlike the past, which used only a single gesture to detect the Earth's satellite meteorology, the carbon satellite could be facing the sun while facing the moon and then tracking the ground for a while, Interact with multiple modes of observation.
This mode of observation is the first in space, and in the case of the flare observation mode, the geometry of the satellite is constantly moving as the plane moves and the flare is moving on the sea, which is like the human being in the house Walking, to reflect through the mirror on the wall, always watching the erratic candlelight on the table, the difficulty can be imagined. "Micro-Nano vice president of carbon satellites, deputy chief designer Zhang Yong said.
Eventually, the technology breakthrough and application of the Earth Observatory at the recent 14th annual meeting, the Chinese participants announced that China's carbon satellite data will be officially opened to share, following the United States, Japan, China became the third to provide carbon satellite data s country.
Everyone will have a small satellite
Star satellite 'Mozi' is now one year old, and has achieved the daytime quantum key distribution, invisible transmission experiments.According to Deng Lei, chief designer of quantum satellite revealed that the year of operation, the actual implementation of quantum satellites Accuracy is up to 1.0 order of magnitude better than the design goal, resulting in a sharp drop in quantum attenuation in transmission and an increase in efficiency.
However, at the beginning of the development of the quantum satellite platform, the work was much more difficult than the team had expected.To align the two laser beams on the satellite with two optical axes of the telescope at a distance of 1,000 kilometers on the ground, the error must be controlled at 3.5 microradians It's like throwing coins in the slots of two piggy banks on the ground on a plane that is 10,000 meters off the ground and, after a technical investigation, finally achieves a 2.5-micrometer radian alignment accuracy, which is higher than the design requirements.
Compared with the past, satellites often used foreign data for analysis. If there is no precedent abroad, China does not dare to make determined efforts. According to Lin Baojun, the first step in conducting research is to break this state of self-esteem.
In the institute's planning, Einstein probe satellites and Sino-French astronomy satellites will be launched around 2020, the former will bring new breakthroughs in time-domain astronomy, especially for Einstein's general relativity black hole and gravitation Wave two predictions demonstrate that the latter will capture the context of giant gamma-ray violence.
In the view of Cao Jin, deputy director of the Institute of Micro and nano-satellites, designer of the Temple of Heaven II, as the smart phone, the spacecraft products are becoming smaller and lighter and smarter. Just like everyone has their own Like the WeChat, in the future perhaps each person may have their own satellite.