A few days ago, Feiyun manipulated agricultural drone at Yangling Agricultural High-tech Conference to demonstrate
In recent years, UAV new products emerge in an endless stream, China's UAV manufacturers have sprung up, the capital has begun to arrange troops to deploy, beachhead this 'virgin market.'
Looking to the whole country, the plant protection drone has become the main force of large-scale unified prevention and control throughout the country. In some places, using the drone to hit the pesticide has entered the era of "dripping." However, in terms of research and development, production and promotion, Agricultural UAVs in our country is still in the initial stage of 'Xiao He was sharp,' along with the infinite prospects, there are many constraints and obstacles.
Not long ago, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance and the Civil Aviation Administration of China jointly issued a circular and decided to launch pilot pilots for purchasing subsidies for plant protection UAVs in 6 provinces and municipalities in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong and Chongqing in 2017, which meant that plant protection UAV industry ushered in the policy 'dividend' is expected to move into breakthrough development.
At present, China's agricultural UAV market in what condition? UAV What are the benefits? What shortages exist? What to do with the future? With these problems, the reporter recently interviewed the domestic authoritative experts, Zhejiang University, Biosystems Engineering and Food Dean of the School of Science Professor He Yong.
Open a new mode of plant protection
Summer is the key period for the prevention and control of rice pests and diseases. In the past, in many places, it was not only laborious but also crucial to poisoning. In this year, Wu Xiangen, a 62-year-old grain farmer in Beishan Village, Daban Town, Suichang County, Zhejiang Province, Change pest control year 'pull pants legs, grab sunny' work, played in the Tanabata 'dispensers.'
I saw a phytoplankton back and forth shuttle, which carries up to 6 kg, under the action of the wind, the drop of liquid medicine directly to the roots of rice .In more than two hours, 60 acres of rice will complete the fight drugs, so Wuzuzuu. Uzbek fight drugs will save time and effort, will increase the cost? Wu Xiangen said, 'play four times a year, each operation on behalf of the government to substitute 15 yuan per acre, coupled with the use of pesticides to save half, on the whole, than Artificial insemination costs less per acre 100 yuan.
Suichang is an ordinary mountainous area in Zhejiang Province. As early as 2015, the local government has promulgated a policy of subsidizing 70% of the agricultural drone to be subsidized by the government and subsidies of 60 yuan per mu per year for the prevention and control of rice. During the summer, the planthopper was seriously attacked. During the past two years, the crop insecticide was severely endangered and the peasants' indiscriminate drug fight was solved.
Last year, Suichang plant protection drone increased from the original three to nine, the operation area of more than 10,000 acres.Local set up a special called 'Chuangfei' plant protection service company, all four flyers through professional certification , The team is very young, average daily operational capacity of more than acres.It was vividly said that the plant protection drone medicine into the 'drop era'.
In the view of He Yong, the plant protection link has always been a major shortcoming in the mechanization of agricultural production in our country. With the advancement of agricultural modernization and the increase of labor costs, the substitution of machines is the trend of the times. In the past three years, Over the brewing period, the next five years, will maintain rapid growth. 'He Yong believes that the emergence of a large number of new business entities and intermediary services agencies, but also for agricultural drones to provide fist and foot to provide a broad stage.
Reporters found that at present, Henan, Hunan, Fujian and other provinces will UAV included in the purchase of agricultural subsidies, thus greatly reducing the purchase threshold, especially in Henan, a large agricultural province, farmers uttered the highest voice, the largest policy efforts, Of course, the most significant results.Hunan is a step ahead, the introduction of the industry standards for the production and use of agricultural UAV provide a standard.In many places in Zhejiang, there are many professional 'fly defense team.'
Comprehensive use of all over the point of view, compared with the traditional artificial fight, using UAV plant protection operations, with high efficiency, medicine, safety and other advantages, but also a wide range of adaptability, in mountain hills and high barns crops, plant protection without He Yong, for example, said: "If a single-rotor electric UAV with a payload of 15 kg is used, the annual gains are 25 times and 93 times the annual gains for motorized and artificial sprays.
One hundred billion market to be developed
Part of the data from developed countries shows that: In Japan, where agricultural drone research and development was first carried out, agriculture and forestry aviation now occupy an area of 2.35 million hectares, accounting for over 40% of the total cultivated area.
In the United States, with more than 3,000 agricultural aircraft pilots and 1,350 agricultural aeronautical operations services companies, it is estimated that the deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles in civilian applications will amount to 82.1 billion U.S. dollars from 2015 to 2025, of which over 8 In Australia, peasants planted more than 80 hectares of rice per person, spraying more than 90% of their crops on aircraft and more than half of the total fertilized area on aircraft.
Compared with these countries, China's agricultural UAV research and development, production and promotion of the use of many lag behind, and most of the agricultural machinery business had rarely involved in the field.According to incomplete statistics, as of now, China engaged in remote sensing flight plant protection machine production and service Of nearly 200 enterprises, of which more than 30 agricultural airlines and more than 400 large-scale agricultural aircraft account for half of the newly established or starting to be transformed into agriculture after 2014.
He Yong told reporters that from the momentum of development in recent years, the research, introduction and production of agricultural UAVs by enterprises and institutions are gradually being strengthened and can even be described as "rapid development in a long time." Like the agricultural aviation industry innovation Union, so far has more than 30 governing units, including its UAV agricultural aviation technology research unit, with independent intellectual property rights of UAV design and manufacturing enterprises, as well as UAV processing and marketing units, they have a certain research and development strength And has a stable representative of the model, some companies market is relatively good, started on track.
So, in the end how? A group of civil analysis of data that in recent years, China's annual crop pests and diseases occurred in an area of 60 billion mu, according to 1/3 of the land conversion rate equivalent to 10 to 20 yuan / mu times Plant protection costs, the plant will reach 670 billion yuan of light plant protection services, which does not include R & D, production, sales and other segments of the industry chain, and other services. Optimistic estimates, the entire industry will easily reach the scale One hundred billion yuan level.
In addition to arable land, there are a large number of forests, grasslands, green areas need to be equipped with drone operations, the market capacity is more difficult to measure.
Of course, this is already a "public secret," and at the behest of big cakes, the drone market has seen a spurt of growth and a flood of capital influx since 2015. Despite the 'explosion' in the consumer-droning space Even more remarkable, but agricultural drones also attracted a large number of enterprises to accelerate the layout.Last year, the major industry companies in aircraft sales and plant protection area showed double the growth trend is expected this year will continue to thrive.
With the deepening development of agricultural modernization, agricultural UAVs have a great potential for application in crop policing as well as hybrid pollination, agricultural remote sensing, near-surface Internet of Things information collection, detection and diagnosis of pests and diseases, etc. , The market size is also very substantial. 'He Yong said.
There are still many obstacles to landing
Reporter interviewed found that compared to the alarming rate of the rise of industry, manufacturers make a big show, and increasingly intense competition among enterprises, agricultural drones to the landing level, but some 'acclimatized' Why is there such a ' A hot and cold 'situation? In He Yong view, the main crux is still there are still many problems to be solved.
First of all, in the technical research, for now, plant protection UAVs take off and land more frequently, life is short, while low-altitude low-speed flight stability needs to be improved; the other hand, due to the immature vegetation spraying UAV technology, Lack of operation rules and precise pesticide control system to deal with different operating conditions and pesticide drift easily occur etc. In short, it is urgent to develop special models and flight control systems with high automation level and intelligent variable operation as well as low-altitude remote sensing equipment.
Followed by the production and operation of the standard issues.Although like Hunan has developed the relevant local standards, but at the national level, UAV production, testing and operation standards have not been introduced, so companies can only work their own way, according to their own standards of production, Resulting in the actual performance of the product uneven, quite a mixed bag on the market, to bring a lot of hidden dangers.
He Yong said frankly: 'In order to establish a healthy and orderly market for agricultural UAVs, reduce safety and stability defects such as quality defects, improve the operation process and improve the universality of the machine, the industry and relevant government departments work together to formulate Market access standards, operating procedures, operating standards of quality, safety precautions, maintenance specifications, it is imminent.
As a new type of agricultural machinery, the price is an unavoidable factor in the actual promotion of agricultural UAVs, which is precisely because of the lack of standards, which has led to the difficulty of the plant protection drone in the past few years being included in the scope of subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery.
This year, six provinces and cities such as Zhejiang, Anhui and Hunan will carry out pilot projects on purchasing subsidies for plant protection UAVs, however, many peasants are still deterred in the face of tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of yuan of investment. Coupled with the instability of performance, Buying enthusiasm is greatly reduced.
The fourth problem lies in the 'people.' It is understood that, despite the emergence of many professional 'flying defense team' around the present, but the shortage of professional Flying Fear, to some extent, also raised the cost of marketing agricultural drones and Training costs With the increase in training and observation activities, like Zhejiang University can provide one-stop training services, the problem is expected to be improved.
The last major obstacle is equally urgent. He Yong pointed out that due to the lack of pertinence and lack of pertinence in the relevant provisions in the civil aviation regulatory system, the strategic plan for the overall development of agricultural aviation at the national level and in the industry Undirected, including the agricultural UAV registration, insurance, airworthiness review, airspace management, etc., are urgently needed to be clear.Overall, the domestic agricultural UAVs really want to land and achieved by leaps and bounds Development, there are still many ways to go.