With the growing problem of plastic pollution, biodegradable plastics gradually favored by the market, in foreign markets, the rapid growth in demand, according to statistics, their demand for biodegradable plastics will be 12 percent per year speed of rapid growth With the development of light footsteps.
From the analysis of the types of degradable plastics, in 1989, the total sales volume of degradable plastics was 880,000 tons, of which the biodegradable plastics were 160,000 tons, and by that year, the total demand for degradable plastics was 3.2 million tons, of which biodegradable 1.1 million tons of plastic, 1.05 million tons of photodegradable plastics, 90,000 tons of photodegradable plastics and 150,000 tons of other degradable plastics. The average annual growth rate of biodegradable plastics was 7.1% in 1994-2000, Plastics were 9.6%, light-biodegradable plastics were 11.2%, and other degradable plastics were 5.3%, whereby light-biodegradable plastics growth would be the fastest.
Degradable plastics can be divided into photodegradable plastics, biodegradable plastics, chemically degradable plastics, combined degradable plastics, etc. The world's major producers of degradable plastics are the United States, Japan, Germany, Italy, Canada, Israel and other countries. , Varieties of light degradation, light / biodegradation, collapse of biodegradable, fully biodegradable plastics.
The world's biodegradable plastics are mainly made from aliphatic polyester or aliphatic polyester mixed starch.The aliphatic polyester mainly includes polycaprolactone (PCL), polybutene (PBS) synthesized from petroleum as raw material, (PHB) produced by microorganisms, etc. Biodegradable plastics are decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, and thus do not cause harm to the environment. As a result, the biodegradable plastics are decomposed into water and carbon dioxide.
In order to improve the physical properties of aliphatic polyesters, countries are producing biodegradable plastics in the form of copolymerization of aliphatic polyesters with aromatic terephthalic acid or nylon polymers. Soon, high performance degradable plastics will continue to be Developed as one of the environmental protection technology using enzyme catalyst instead of heavy metal chemical catalyst synthesis of polymer materials will also be available.In addition to aliphatic polyesters, polyphenols, polyaniline, polycarbonate, polyaspartic acid And so have successively developed.
At present, biodegradable plastics can only be used to make some sporting goods (fishing with silk, golf tee, etc.), agriculture, forestry and aquaculture materials (film, moisturizing materials, seedbed materials, etc.), garbage bags and hygiene products (disposable diapers The new use is very broad, such as for the production of cosmetic containers, toothbrushes, cushioning materials, packaging materials, shopping bags, disposable gloves, etc. If the security problem is solved, it can also be used to make food containers. As a new polymer functional materials, biodegradable plastics can also be applied to the field of fertilizer, pesticide free-based packaging materials and medical supplies packaging areas in the future in the adhesive, printing ink and other non-plastic fields can also open up the use.
The future development of environmentally friendly biotechnology, especially biodegradable plastics and other products, market risk, policy risk is minimal, and China's biotechnology after 20 years of development, applied to the field of environmental protection coincides with the time can be expected through the bio-economic park Within the effective organization, comprehensive play technology, capital, mechanism and other aspects of the advantages, can be achieved in a relatively short period of time industrialization.